![]() I have written an entire blog post on chromatin, to know more you can go and read it. H1, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 are five major histones that participate in the actual packaging process. Histones are positively charged, electrostatically interact with the negative phosphate backbone of DNA and form a structure called chromatin. A group of proteins referred to as ‘histones’ and often known as DNA binding proteins are a core element of chromatin. Chromosome How does DNA packaging occur? Chromatin formation:Ĭhromatin is a simple structure, yet essential and initiates the process of DNA coiling.The entire process of packing though includes many steps, but the basic foundation can be divided into 5 major steps. ![]() What are the steps to pack DNA on a chromosome? Illustration of the process of DNA packaging from a cell to DNA. Now let us understand each step precisely. Then it becomes chromatid and finally packed on a chromosome. It further coils to form 30 nm fiber and a bead-on-string-like structure. Put simply, DNA interacts with histones, forms chromatins and then a chromosome. It starts with the DNA-only and finally becomes chromosomes during various stages and meanwhile performs DNA metabolisms too. So technically, the enzyme-governed process of arranging the DNA on a chromosome is referred to as DNA packaging. It is interesting to understand that every time, in every cell, it forms the same structure correctly. Read this article to learn more about it. By interaction with protein DNA forms, various structures coil more, supercoils on one another and prepare a compact form.ĭNA supercoiling performs 5 important functions for a cell. However, in reality, there are some proteins like the group of histones and scaffolds that certainly help organize our DNA. Our human body is made up of around 50 trillion cells, now imagine the entire length of our DNA.
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